Many patients do not yet realize that we offer a full line of cosmetic surgery services here at the Shea Ear Clinic. This includes such procedures as facelifts (rhytidectomy), eyelifts (blepharoplasty), endoscopic browlifts, reshaping of the nose (rhinoplasty), repositioning of the ears (otoplasty), and liposuction. We also offer a full complement of skin care ranging from maintenance products to be used at home through light and medium depth chemical peels, and on to deeper peels, laser resurfacing and dermabrasion.
Our clinic setting with its Medicare-approved operating rooms and adjoining hotel create the perfect environment for cosmetic procedures. Everything from the initial consultation with the surgeon to preoperative lab and anesthesia evaluation and on through to removal of the final postoperative dressings is performed here at our convenient yet discreet east Memphis facility. Our cosmetic surgery nursing staff performs at the same level of competence and compassion that you have come to expect from our clinic.
J. Gregory Staffel, M.D. oversees cosmetic surgery here at the Shea Ear Clinic. He is board certified by the American Board of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and the American Board of Otolaryngology. He attended the University of Texas Medical School at San Antonio on a full scholarship and graduated as a member of Alpha Omega Alpha, the National Medical Honor Society. He then did his residency at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he garnered multiple awards. Another year of training followed with Dr. Richard Farrior, a world-renowned facial plastic surgeon in Tampa, Florida. The next seven years were spent on the faculty of the University of Texas Medical School at San Antonio. While there, Dr. Staffel wrote two books and won numerous teaching awards. He continues to teach and lecture on a regional and national basis.
It seems we can't turn on the television or pick up a magazine without hearing about "the latest advance in cosmetic surgery" whether it be a new laser to whisk away the signs of aging, a new "ultrasonic" way to remove unwanted fat (is there such a thing as "wanted fat"?), or a germ toxin which magically erases wrinkles. While it is true that we are making advances every day in cosmetic surgery, it is also true that the media can tout some things long before we know all the facts and long-term consequences. Add to this pieces of information garnered from well meaning but often only partly informed friends and family, and you can see why people approach cosmetic surgery with a mixture of excitement and fear. Because of this I have developed what I call "a reasonable approach" to cosmetic surgery.br />
Learn more details about our cosmetic surgery procedures by clicking on the links below or check out our Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ).
- Facelift
- Eyelift
- Browlift
- Otoplasty (Ears)
- Rhinoplasty (Nose)
- Liposuction
- Skin Care
- Botox (Botulinum Toxin) Injections
No, you are normal. Most patients having cosmetic surgery have a very healthy self-image. They don't necessarily want an astonishing change in their appearance, they simply want to look refreshed instead of tired, and perhaps a little slimmer. The majority of patients are absolutely delighted with the results and would have surgery again if given the choice.Perhaps in the early days this was so, but cosmetic surgery has become much quicker, easier and affordable thanks to new techniques. My patients come from all walks of life. Cosmetic surgery has progressed from the exceptional to the accepted, and is quickly moving toward the expected. The good news is that cosmetic surgery has never been safer, easier or more affordable than it is now.
Facelift (Rhytidectomy)
The very word facelift conjures up an array of images ranging from eternal youth to the frightful "over tight" look. "Facelift" is a somewhat generic term and can mean surgically addressing many different areas. Traditionally, a facelift (rhytidectomy) has addressed the neck and jowls area. As we age the soft tissues around our face and neck tend to fall. They are held in place, however, by certain ligaments which connect the skin to the underlying bone. One area where these ligaments hold tight is at the sides of the chin. As our soft tissues fall, they "accumulate" here, producing a jowl. In the neck, there are no ligaments to hold things up. The skin of the neck has a thin underlying muscle called the platysma. You can see this muscle when you try to pull down the corners of your mouth. As time passes the skin of the neck falls forward. Occasionally the muscle will form visible bands extending from the chin downward. If this is really pronounced we may say someone has a "turkey neck". (Not exactly the way any of us wants to be thought of!)
A facelift tightens up the tissues under the chin, recreating the nice angle between your chin and neck. It also tightens the "jowls" which recreates the elegant jaw line we all associate with youth and beauty. In order to do this we make incisions in front and around to the back of your ear. While this sounds like a long incision, it must be this long in order to tailor any remaining skin so it lies flat. The incisions usually heal very well, and are also often hidden by your hair.
While a facelift does not stop the aging process, neither does it speed it up. You will always look better after a facelift than you would have if you had not had the facelift.The beneficial effects of any facelift lasts your entire life. As time goes on you may get to the point where another facelift would help you. While every individual is different, some general rules apply. People with a tendency to have very loose skin and lax connective tissue may need a repeat facelift slightly earlier than people with very firm tissues. Skin maintenance regimes can also make a difference. Most people don't want a repeat facelift for about ten years. Younger patients often go much longer without wanting anything more done. A bit of good news is that repeat procedures are often easier and can give even more dramatic results. This is because scar tissue forms between the skin and underlying tissue. This scar tissue is firm so we can put a little more tension on it when we pull it back.
I have always made it a top priority to make my patients look completely natural. The goal is to look refreshed and well rested. Most of my patients don't want an "operated" look, and it is not particularly difficult to avoid.
Thankfully, complications from a facelift are actually rare. Occasionally a small area of skin behind the ear may die, but new skin re-grows quickly usually leaving no visible evidence. Sometimes a blood clot (hematoma) may collect underneath the skin flap necessitating drainage in the clinic or the operating room. The motor nerve to the face has many branches and occasionally one may be stretched or cut during the operation. Happily the resulting weakness is almost always temporary until the nerve recovers. Numbness of the earlobes often occurs, but almost always gets better several months after surgery.
A facelift is fun! Complications are actually very rare because we are so careful.
Smoking damages the tiny blood vessels in the skin, and the nicotine in smoke (or gum or patches) causes constriction of these vessels as well. This means that skin put under tension may not get enough blood to live, increasing the risk of a slough. While some surgeons will categorically not operate on smokers, I have found an individualized approach works best. I modify my operation somewhat to minimize any disturbance of the blood supply. The most important thing for a smoker to understand is that they cannot smoke (or chew or use patches) for two weeks prior to and two weeks after surgery. We have studies that show that even this little bit of abstinence will greatly increase the chance of a good result.
You may go home on the night of your facelift if you live in Memphis. If you are from out of town I will want you to spend the night in Memphis. You will be slightly bruised and swollen for 10 days to 2 weeks after surgery. You will want to avoid social engagements for a minimum of 3 weeks after surgery.
Eyelift (Blepharoplasty)
You may not realize it, but when you look at someone, you look mostly at their eyes. For this reason, a nice eyelift has a transforming effect on the whole appearance of my patients. I am always surprised at how much more attractive a person appears after a blepharoplasty has given them large, bright eyes with a delicately sculpted crease in the upper eyelid. This operation definitely gives "the most" for "the least".
Let's discuss the upper eyelids first. As we age the eyebrows tend to fall slightly, and extra skin seems to appear (from where?!) on our upper eyelid. This starts to happen as early as our thirties, and if left unchecked can sometimes lead to the skin of our lid touching our eyelashes. Eventually this can cause difficulty in the upper field of gaze, but most of us will want to fix it long before we start running into low hanging objects because we can't see them, or before we start thinking that traffic lights now only have yellow and green!
During the operation, excess skin and tissue is marked, injected with anesthesia, and excised. Stitches are then placed in such a way as to create an elegant (in females) upper lid crease. Extra fat that can bulge, especially at the inner aspect of the upper lid, is also removed.
Now let's talk about the lower lids. As we age the fat inside the eye socket tends to fall forward creating small outpouchings on our lower lids. The skin can also become wrinkled and excessive for a number of reasons ranging from heredity to sun exposure, to too much laughing (!). We treat this first by removing the excess fat. Often, especially in younger patients, this causes the skin to tighten up on its own. For other patients, we may need to help the skin tighten up a little by performing a peel or laser resurfacing. Certain patients, however, simply have too much skin on their lower lid. In these cases we excise the excess skin. If we need to excise skin, the incision is placed just below the eyelashes and is virtually invisible. If no skin is excised, we usually make the incision inside the eyelid.
A new technique is evolving in lower lid surgery where we actually reposition the fat along the bony rim just below your eye. This takes fat from a bulge and places it into a crevice, evening out the architecture of the lower lid. This may also be done in conjunction with a resuspension of your cheek fat pad to its more youthful position. I call this entire procedure a "midface lift", and while it is a little more involved than an eyelift, it may be performed through the same incision. The result is once again a very natural, rested, more youthful appearance.
While laser technology is truly wonderful, the facts are that lasers cut by heating up tissue until it burns. This is nice because it seals blood vessels as you cut through them. On the skin, however, even small burns take a little longer to heal than a cold incision. I use a scalpel on the skin, and a very fine-tipped electric needle to coagulate any blood vessels while cutting across them. With an elegantly performed operation there is no need for a laser. My patients heal just as fast (if not faster) than patients operated upon with a laser. I might add that any tool is only as good as the person using it.
Dark circles may be caused by several things. In some people, pigment (melanin) just seems to accumulate here. We don't know why. If your circles are caused by pigment, we can often lighten them with a peel. We also have some creams which block pigment production. In other people, the small blood vessels under the skin of the lower lid fill with blood. We think this may be exacerbated by nasal congestion, such as in people with allergies. Other than treating the allergies, no specific therapy will help this type of dark circle. Some people place a cool washcloth on their eyes which may cause the blood vessels to constrict (become smaller) thus lessening the bluish hue, but the effect soon wears off.
No! Upper lid surgery alone will give you a beautiful result which you will enjoy for the rest of your life. The recovery from upper lid surgery is minimal. Many of my patients have gone to work on Monday after an upper blepharoplasty on Friday. The world record is held by my former nurse in San Antonio who set up the room, then laid down on the operating table for her upper lid surgery, then cleaned the room and worked the rest of the afternoon! And as for waiting, it may be years before you need a lower blepharoplasty.
Some families have a tendency to have lower lid bulges starting very early in life. These are easily corrected with a lower blepharoplasty performed through a hidden incision inside the eyelid.
The results of blepharoplasty are extremely long lasting. If you need repeat surgery (and you likely will not) it will usually be in 20 - 30 years. A repeat procedure is not particularly difficult.
If you have dry eyes you may need some lubricant drops or ointment for the first five weeks after surgery as the eyelids are readjusting. If your lower lids are extremely lax (usually found in older men) the lower lid may droop slightly (pulled down by mild scar tissue) but this can be easily fixed with a simple suspension procedure.
Browlift
With the passage of time, our brows tend to fall and we can develop wrinkles on our forehead. While we used to treat this problem surgically by making a large incision across the scalp, we now have new methods using surgical telescopes (called endoscopes) which allow us to elevate the brow through 3 or 4 small incisions placed in the hair. It is quite an elegant procedure which not only helps brow position, but also helps to define the upper lid crease. This operation can help make you look as if you had an upper lid blepharoplasty. We can also divide some of the muscles between the eyebrows and on the forehead. This can smooth the skin significantly.
In women, the eyebrow should be above the level of the bony brow (medically called the supraorbital ridge). Plucking can shape the brow, but surgery is needed to actually reposition it. I will examine you and tell you how much I feel you would benefit from a browlift.There are many different approaches to browlifting, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In the great majority of people an endoscopic lift is the lift of choice. If I feel you would benefit more from another procedure, I will talk to you about this during your consultation.
Otoplasty
Some people have outstanding ears. Although some children with this condition are cute, they won't feel cute when they go to school and start getting teased. The operation to pull the ears closer to the head is called otoplasty. Incisions are made inconspicuously behind the ear and the tissues are removed and remolded until the ear sits at a normal distance from the head. Patients return home the same day of surgery. The bandages are supposed to come off at 4 days, but some children are descendants of Houdini! The ears are sore for a week or two but pain and recovery are minimal.
By age 5 to 6 the ears are about 85% as large as they will be as an adult. This is also the time most children start to get teased in school, so we often perform this surgery on 5 to 6 year olds. Of course, if you are older you may have the surgery anytime.Yes. Some people just have one outstanding ear.Once again complications are very rare. It is however, difficult to guarantee that the ears will be exactly symmetric. Often one side is 1 - 2 mm further out or in than the other. This usually occurs because of the healing process, since we can almost always get them within one millimeter of each other at surgery. If you look closely at most people you will see that their ears are not exactly the same in shape or projection, so while patients seem to notice minor differences, other people do not.This question saddens me. I make a very great distinction between people who look totally normal, but want to look better (cosmetic surgery) versus people who fall outside of our measured normal ratios, and just want to look normal (reconstructive surgery). Unfortunately, many insurance companies do not share in this view. The Shea Ear Clinic is a world center for expertise in ear surgery and we don't believe any child should have to go through life with outstanding ears. We will be happy to work with you to make suitable financial arrangements.
Rhinoplasty
Reshaping of the nose is called Rhinoplasty and is one of the most rewarding plastic surgical procedures. Whether it involves removing a bump, straightening the outside, or reshaping of the tip, the results are delightful. When you have a beautiful nose, people's attention will then be drawn to your eyes, which is the most expressive and alluring part of the face. It is probably for this reason that so many delighted patients return and say that although the change in the nose was dramatic, their friends and family often ask if they have lost weight, cut their hair, or been on vacation. They almost never ask if they had nasal surgery!
Patients have very different tendencies toward swelling and bruising. This, coupled with some older techniques of rhinoplasty can lead to significant bruising and swelling in some people. We pride ourselves on minimizing any unpleasant side effects of surgery. We use a very gentle technique, and I have designed my own special instruments to minimize surgical trauma.
I do not use nasal packing. It is uncomfortable for the patient, and not necessary.We use a very small plastic cast which stays on your nose for one week.We recommend all patients take 7 to 10 days off for recovery. When we remove your cast one week after surgery you will still have some swelling, and maybe a little bruising. By 10 days makeup can usually cover any bruising. Ninety percent of the swelling quickly subsides during the second week, and you will be enjoying your new nose. The remaining 10% of the swelling (visible only to me) will subside over the course of the ensuing year.I will counsel you preoperatively as to what result I believe I can achieve with your nose, considering all factors (skin thickness, bone configuration, etc.). I will show you the expected result on a drawing. I have a large experience with rhinoplasty and am a bit of a perfectionist. The great majority of my patients are very happy with their new nose. Occasionally I will want to perform a touchup operation to fix a very slight imperfection (less than 5% of the time). While I always try my best at the first operation, the vagaries of nasal healing can occasionally be capricious. There is no additional surgeon's fee for any revision surgery I feel is necessary. There may be a minimal charge for use of the operating facilities.
No matter how pretty a nose is, if you can't breathe through it, you won't be happy! For this reason we always do whatever is necessary to maintain or even improve your nasal breathing. This may even include polyp removal or sinus surgery. Rest assured I am fully qualified in all aspects of nasal and sinus surgery.If you have nasal airway obstruction and a deviated nasal septum, insurance may pay only for the part of the operation dealing with the inside of your nose. You will be responsible for any work which is cosmetic. If your nose was broken, and we are going to repair it, usually insurance will also pay. And finally, if your nose is so crooked that I feel that it needs to be straightened on the outside so you can breathe, I will write your insurance company and submit pictures. They will make the final determination as to whether straightening your nose is something they will pay for.
Liposuction
Liposuction has now developed into a wonderful procedure which patients absolutely love. Let's talk a little bit about it. First off, please dispel any notion (and I know you don't really think this) that you can eat whatever you want and then go and have the fat suctioned away. While liposuction is a great procedure, you will still need to deal with what I call the "food issue" in your life. Oprah Winfrey's book written mainly by Bob Greene, her trainer and exercise physiologist, is one of the best I have seen about your relationship to food and yourself. I highly recommend all my patients, and especially my liposuction patients, read it.
Although fat metabolism may seem straightforward (you eat too much, you get heavy), fat deposition is actually a rather complex process, regulated by many things. While your diet and activity level determine the amount of fat your body stores, hormones help determine where you store it. That is why many women can absolutely starve themselves to death, and their hips don't shrink. The fat on women that seems to be the most influenced by hormones includes that on the thighs, the hips, and the lower tummy. This is the fat that is hardest to lose with dieting. This is also the fat that responds so well to liposuction. In males, we see fat accumulation in the "love handle" area and on the abdomen. (Have you ever seen a male with fat legs?). Occasionally the breast is the location of unsightly fat accumulation in the male. Liposuction works best on those areas that just will not shrink, no matter how much you diet. Indeed, the better shape you are in, the better you will do with a localized liposuction procedure.
Liposuction techniques have come a long way since the operation was first introduced. In the "olden days" of liposuction, large cannulas were used to suction fat while the patient was under general anesthesia. Unfortunately, much of what was removed was actually blood, which patients often had to donate their own blood prior to the procedure to be given back to them! As you can see this was no small procedure.
Great advances have been made recently, however, and now I perform liposuction with what is known as the "tumescent technique". A dermatologist from southern California discovered that if the fat is infiltrated with very dilute solutions of a local anesthetic (lidocaine) and a vasoconstrictor (epinephrine) that the procedure may be comfortably done with minimal sedation and virtually no blood loss! We have also discovered that by using smaller cannulas we can avoid the previous problem of ridges in the skin. All in all this procedure has become one of the safest and best in the entire realm of cosmetic surgery.
Having liposuction before you get pregnant should not materially affect the pregnancy. Of course, weight gain with pregnancy is a normal occurrence and you may still need to lose a few excess pounds after the baby comes.
Fat cells don't increase in number after about age 12. This means when you gain weight, your fat cells simply enlarge. If we remove some of the fat cells in a certain area, and you gain weight, that particular area will not gain as fast as it did before, but it will still enlarge. If you put on massive amounts of weight after liposuction, you may become slightly disproportionate relative to the way you used to gain weight. This has not been a significant problem with my patients. Don't forget to read the "Making the Connection" by Oprah Winfrey and Bob Greene. It will really help in maintaining body and mind health for the long term.With tumescent liposuction, patients go home on the day of surgery. Since we put in so much fluid, you will "leak" for 24-48 hours after the surgery. Don't forget to bring a large plastic trash bag and some old towels to protect the car on the way home. You may also want to protect your couch or recliner in a similar manner for the first day or two. You may resume physical activity (including exercise) immediately although you should avoid heavy lifting for 2 weeks. We will ask you to wear a compressive garment for 2 - 7 days after the surgery. You may wear it longer if it feels good. Pain is minimal after liposuction, with most patients taking only a few pain pills. I am told it feels a little like being sore after a strenuous workout. Most patients can return to work in 3-4 days.
Skin is a wonderful, amazing, miraculous organ. Part of the technique involved in tumescent liposuction involves suctioning the fat fairly close to the skin surface. This causes the skin to contract, often to an amazing degree.With traditional liposuction, the amount of fat, which could be removed, was limited by blood loss. With tumescent liposuction, we can safely remove very large amounts of fat. For the average patient, this does not present a significant limitation. For a few very obese patients, we may reach a limit, and we may also want to observe these patients overnight in the hospital.You will see an immediate result on the operating table. The body then has to heal, and as with any surgery, there will be some intermittent regional swelling. This is mild and subsides rather quickly (a few weeks). While you will see an immediate result, the skin will continue to shrink for several months after the procedure. The immediate result is about 70% and the remaining 30% may take several months. I kind of like the idea of your body continuing to shrink after the procedure.The tumescent technique is amazingly safe. The most common problem after the surgery is a small area of unevenness. This can be easily remedied by a minor, secondary procedure. We have greatly reduced the incidence of this complication by using very small cannulas at surgery. While it takes a little longer, the results are worth it!
Of course, all surgery carries the possibility of infection, bleeding, and difficulty with anesthesia. Fortunately, these problems are so rare with tumescent liposuction that each case is a medical curiosity.
There are actually two types of ultrasonic liposuction. In external ultrasonic liposuction, an external transducer is applied to the skin for a few minutes after injection of the anesthetic, and then the liposuction is performed. Some doctors feel this may reduce bruising postoperatively. In the internal ultrasonic liposuction procedure, a probe which vibrates at frequencies higher than sound, is introduced into the fat to liquefy it prior to suctioning it out. The probe can become hot and burn the skin if not kept moving and adequately cool. Some doctors feel that in areas rich in fibrous tissue (such as the male love handle area and breast) that this makes the procedure physically easier for the doctor.It causes more complications than simple tumescent liposuction, and has never been shown to yield better results!
Skin Care
While beauty may be difficult to define, most people would agree that it is hard to appear beautiful if you have bad skin. Your skin is an unbelievably complex, efficient, and beautiful organ. We all know there are few things as soft and supple as a baby's skin. With age, we develop rougher, drier, skin. Thus, we can see that one of the things we must fight is the natural aging process of skin. Sunlight has ultraviolet (UV) radiation in it. These UV rays actually damage the skin cells. The cells repair themselves, but after years of damage, they have a little more difficulty. This is why people with a lot of sun exposure often have leathery skin. It is also why people with sun exposure are more likely to get skin cancer. The damaged cells sometimes go a little haywire and start reproducing uncontrollably. This is a skin cancer. By the way, skin has a pigment in it called melanin to help prevent harm from sun exposure. This magical molecule actually absorbs some of the damaging radiation from the sun. Your body wants to protect itself from the sun, so when you go out into the sun it produces more melanin. Because melanin is dark (it absorbs light) you turn darker. We call this tanning. Of course, if you get too much sunlight before the body can produce enough melanin to absorb it, then you get burned.
When we look at skin under a microscope, we can see changes in its structure that come from age and sun damage. These include fewer blood vessels, disorganization of the elastic fibers, thinning of the collagen, disorganization of the maturation of the epidermal cells, and clumping of melanin. These microscopic changes are the reason older damaged skin appears sallow, splotchy, and rough. These changes may be reversed in part, however, by applying certain compounds to the skin. Retinoic acid (Retin-A®) and certain mild acids found in fruit (called alpha hydroxy acids) can help to reverse the changes of aging. Topical vitamin-C has also been shown to help. Retin-A® can irritate the skin and sensitize the skin to sun exposure. It is also very drying, so the manufacturer has come out with a preparation, which includes a moisturizer mixed in with the retinoic acid. This is called Renova®.
Any long-term skin care program will include one or all of these types of compounds to be used daily, in combination, of course, with some type of sun protection.
I would be remiss here if I did not mention that smoking is also bad for your skin in many ways. Just one more reason....
While these products will help your skin, they are even better suited to maintain a change, which you have already obtained through a resurfacing procedure. The skin of the face has a miraculous ability to regrow after being damaged in a controlled fashion. The hair follicles and oil glands harbor cells, which will quickly migrate out onto the skin and regrow a lovely dermis and epidermis after, for example, a chemical peel or laser resurfacing. More importantly, when the skin is treated in this manner, many of the changes of aging are reversed. New, thick collagen appears. New blood vessels grow. More orderly epithelium grows. Melanin production and distribution is more regulated. All these changes mean your skin appears less wrinkled and more evenly colored, i.e. younger.
The amount of rejuvenative effect depends on how deep the skin is damaged. The depth of damage is proportional to the recovery time. Thus, some fruit acid peels allow you to go immediately back to work with a rosy glow, while more extensive procedures may take a week or even more to recover from. We tend to prefer the peels, which give the most result with the least downtime.
I could be shot by my dermatological colleagues for not telling you to always avoid the sun (or tanning bed). The facts are many women feel they look better with a tan, and are not going to avoid tanning. If you must tan, please avoid burning! Go slow. Remember moderation in all things.
Yes, you can. Many people will avoid Retin-A® in their regimen because of its sun-sensitizing effect. Others will get their peels in during the winter months.
Skin resurfacing may be accomplished by any number of methods. Lasers are wonderful tools of modern science and can at times provide the best way to be resurfaced, especially in severely wrinkled individuals. Often, however, I prefer various types of chemical peels. They are easier, cheaper, safer, and work just as well for many rejuvenation procedures. Tattoo removal and vascular lesions (such as port wine stains and hemangiomas) respond best to certain types of lasers.
The best procedure for acne scarring remains dermabrasion. Neither laser nor chemical peeling will work as well. If you scars are deep, you will not see 100% improvement with any technique, but with dermabrasion, and sometimes some fat injection, we can get a nice (60% - 70%) result. Be sure to tell us if you have been on Accutane® during the past two years because this can predispose you to scarring.
Botox® (Botulinum Toxin) Injections
Leave it to the marvels of modern medicine to come up with this one. Ounce for ounce one of the deadliest of all chemicals known to man, this toxin is now widely used to remove wrinkles almost like an eraser. Botox® works by permanently ruining the nerve endings which go to your muscle. While lethal in large doses, it can be injected in a very dilute form to selectively paralyze muscles. In our case, we are concerned with the muscles of facial expression.
Wrinkles come from three things: gravity, sun damage, and constant use of our muscles, as with the fine lines around our eyes when we smile, or the furrowed brow of concern. With the muscles of the forehead and around the eyes, lines may form in the skin from constant contraction. We have discovered that if we paralyze the muscle, the lines go away. This is great news because these injections can be performed right in the clinic chair.
Botox® injections work best on people with heavy lines on their forehead and especially with deep vertical lines between their eyebrows.
The injections may last anywhere from 3 to 6 months. New nerve endings then sprout and the muscle may start to contract again. The injection may then be repeated. We believe that if you have repeated injections the effect will last longer and longer between sessions, but it has not been around long enough to know the exact extent of this effect.
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